Mold for concrete buildings



May a, 1927.

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, UNITED I STATES PATENIjoFncs.

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MOLD FOR oolvcan'rn BUILDINGS.

Application filed December 21, 1925. Serial No. 76,583.

or dead air cells are formed'in these elements or features of thebuilding structure, to insure strength and a minimum amount of weight,and insulate the walls, floors, etc. against transmission of heat andsound. By the utilization of my system of building constructionashereinafter set forth a fireproof building structure is provided whichis durable and economical in the expenditure of time, labor and materialrequired.

r In carrying out my invention I utilize removable hollow cores inthe'formation of the cellular floor slabs, walls, etc. and removablesustaining forms, and fill in the spaces between the adjoining coresandbetween the cores and forms with plastic concrete material of proper orsuitable consistency. Means are provided for varying the spacingbetweenthe cells by adjusting the cores relatively one to another and tothe forms whereb the thickness of the interior walls of 't ie'cellularstructures are varied; means are employed for accurately marking the.concrete base pre- 'paratory'to settingthe cells or cores, and means areutilized for uniformly spacing thecores with precision and convenienceThe'retaining forms and the .cores are made in standard uniform sizesand shapes,

the cores being interchangeable and the forms being made ininterchangeable sections which are designed to interlock at theiradjoining edges, and means are provided for anchoring and retaining thesu 'staining forms in, proper valinementduring the process of castingthe concrete structures and while the-plastic material is setting.

. The invention consists in certain novel combinations and arrangementsof parts and steps in the system of building construction as willhereinafter be more fullyset forth and claimed. j v p I In theaccompanying drawings I have illustrated one complete example of thehysical embodiment of my invention wherein the parts are combined andarranged in accordance with the best mode I have thus far devised forthe practical application of the principles of my invention.

Figure 1 is a' vertical sectional view, broken on horizontal lines, of'a concrete building. structure having cellular floors, walls, etc. anda dormer roof, and showing the forms and cores in lace for casting thedifferent elements in t 'e building structure.

with the forms and cores'in place.

F 1gure 3 1s a. detail vertical sectional View of a fragment of a wallillustrating two Figure 2 is a broken plan view showing f" a Wallstructure partly in horizontal section completed cells and illustratingtwo cores and the side forms in place. F1gure 4 is a. perspective detailview showmg the use of an anchoring strap with the forms, which strapremains as a permanent fixture in the completed wall structure.

Figure 5 is a vertical sectional detail View showmg a portion of-awindow frame and cellular wall.

Figure 6 is a perspective View of a portion of the mold. r

B n I o o 1gure 7 1s a perspective view of a template employed forspotting or marking the concrete base as av guide for positioning thecores, as in Figure Figure 8 is a perspective view of one of the bridgeplates or caps for a cell.

In order that the general arrangement of parts may readily be understoodtogether with the system of building construction, 1 have illustrated inFigure 1 a portion of the foundation or concrete base '1 upon which thewall 2 is erected, and its exterior face isshown as finished with brickor stone as indicated at The main or first floor of the building isdesignated as 4 and the topmost floor orceiling 5 has built above it v adormer roof comprising the sloping -portion 6 and vertical wallstructures 6, the latter if desired being of less thickness than thelower vertical walls of the building.

The building" structure may have the usual floorsor stories between thefoundation and roof in numbers'as required, and the usual partitions, asindicated at 7 will be arranged according to prearranged plans,'-andspecifications.

The floors, walls, partitions, roof and otherelements of the buildingstructure are fashioned with dead air cells 8 spaced apart atpredetermined intervals according to plans and depending upon the .sizeand .weight of the structure and thickness of walls between the cells.

In. the erection of the concrete building the base 1 is formed to anexact level and i in the construction of the walls 2 metals forms areused for sustaining the plastic material. These forms are assembled anderected at the lines of the outer and inner faces of the Wall, andremovablecores are spaced in rows and other formations "for the 7creation of the cellular structure of both the the oppositeends of theplates are provided with complementary, interlocking tongues 10 andgrooves 11. The tongueand groove members of adjoining sections areinterlocked as indicated in Figure 6 which also shows the plates withcomplementary upper tongues 12and lower grooves 13 for joining adjacentplates at their upper andlower edges. The plates are of course erectedas vertical. walls at the lines of the inner and outer. faces of theconcrete structure, and the molds thus formed at opposite sides of thewalls'are held rigidly in position by means of exterior, verticallyarranged stays,

. each one of which comprises spaced fiat bars arranged in pairs anddesignated 14 and 15. At their ends the pairs of bars are joined byspacing blocks 16 which are secured between the bars of the stays byscrews or bolts 17 to form a slotted stay.

The interchangeable plates are fashioned in uniform sizes and shapesandare providedwith bolt holes 18 in their exterior faces for thereception of retaining bolts or screws 19 which are passed through theslotted stays and threaded into the bolt holes, or sockets of theseveral sectlons or plates. A suitable number of the vertically arrangedstays is employed to sustain the rows of form plates in'rigid positionwhile the concrete structure is being cast and until j transversely ofthe plastic material has.. set. Then the screws 19 may be loosened inorder that the slotted stays may be-elevated. as required :and thescrews of the lowermost row of plates are withdrawn. The lower row ofplates is then removed and replaced at the" top of the form, the screwsare replaced in the upper row of the form, and all of the screws in theslotted stays are then tightened and the preparation made for, castingan additional portion of the concrete wall.

Anchoring straps 20 which are disposed the concrete wall are fashionedat one end with retaining lugs 21 -and' these lugs are embedded in theconcrete wall; to permanently hold'the anchoring straps in the wallstructure. Perforated hooks 22 are formed at the outer ends of theanchoring straps and are adapted to en gage over the upper edge of aform .plate 9 1 which latter is notched at 23 to accommodate the hook. Asuitable number of these form. and they are located at desiredintervals,'in horizontal rows, in order that they may subsequently beused by engaging their projecting hooks with the facing material of thewall. These hooks may be, used as anchoring "straps is employed to holdthe 7 permanent retainers for attached stucco,

brick, or other facing fol-the walls, or used as ties for plastering,lathing etc. at the interior sides of the walls.

- Afterthe outer form plates have been arranged and set up for castingthe first slab of the concrete Wall, the concrete base or j foundationis spotted or marked by the use of .a template as shown in Figure 7.This device is-composed of a central bar. 24 having a suitable number ofcross armsarranged in pairs and projecting laterally from thecentralbar, asindicated at 25 and 25. The bars 25 arefashioned at theirends with down-turned perforated lugsor flanges 26 which are perforatedfor the gage bolts 27 that are of course adjustable, and are adapted tobe placed against the inner face of the formwhen marking the concretebase. The lugs 26 form markers or spotters for forming depressions inthe face of the base,

and in addition to these markers the tern plate is provided withdetachable markers or spotters in the form oflugs 28 each having areduced head 29 adapted to be. seated .in a socket 30 of the cross barsand the central bar of thetemplate. .In Figure 7 it,

will beseen that the markers are arran ed in pairs with respect to thelugs 28, and in sets of four including a fiange marken26, for spacing acore from the form walland indicating the position in which the core isto be set. By adjusting the bolts 27 and placing their heads in contactwith an inner face of the sustaining wallor form, the template is set inproper position. Then pressure may be applied to the template to causethe markers or spotters to make depressions or indentat ons 1n theconcrete base as indicated at 28 in Figure 2 for use as guides inplacing the cores in osition- The cores are fashioned with 10llOWmetallic bodies as 31, open at top andbottom and of any suitable shapein cross section. As here illustrated the cores are rectangular in'crosssecton withbulgingor convex side walls and rounded corners to permit"ready removal from tho cell after it has been formed. The bottom plate32 and the-top plate 33 of each core are clampedtogether by means of atie bolt 84: and" nut 35; The .top plate-is provided with a'laterallyextending gage lug which is placedagainst the face of a formwall, while the bottom plate 32 is fashioned with downturned flanges orlugs 87 whichare complementary to and fit into the depressions orindentations 28 of the concrete base for properly positioning the core.The cell 1s formed with an open top, andthe top is closed byv means of abridge plate or cap 37 which is embedded as a permanent element in theconcrete.

In some instances filler plates or sections 38 are used in the formationoi the susta1n-' in form, as indicated in Figure 2, and these filerplates which have complementary tongues and grooves on their edgessimilar to the tongues and grooves on the edges of the sections orplates 8 of the mold are interposed as required in adapting the lengthof the forms to the plans for the building structure.

At the interior and exterior corners, angle stays 39 and 39 are alsoused for the pur pose of bracing the plates of the sustaining forms, andan end frame 40 as shown in Figure 2 is used transversely of theconcrete wall for retaining and sustaining the plastic material whenrequired. v y

In constructing the floor, as 5, or the floor 4, wood posts 41 and crossstrlngers 42 with form-hoards 43 are-employed and the cores 31are'spaced as indicated in Figure 1 with end boards 44 and clamps 45 andother necessary implements as generally employed in concreteconstructions. The bottom slab of the floor is first cast, then thecores are placed in position as indicated by the markers from thetemplate and the spaces around the cores are filled. Thebridge caps 37which may be of heavy paper or other suitable material'are then placedover the open tops of the cells (after the removable cores have beenwithdrawn) and the top slab of the floor is then poured or cast andfinished if necessary.

lVhen the wall reaches the level to permit setting of the window frameas 46 in Figure 5 (or of a door frame not shown) the frames are set inposition as usual and the work of constructing the wall progressesaround the frame and over its top and the frame is enclosed within thewall structure.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new and desireto secure by Letters Patent is 1. A sustaining wall for molding plasticmaterial comprising form plates having J OHN G. POETZ.

